Lionel (Rusty) and Hilda Bernstein were members of the South African Communist Party who played a decisive part in the liberation struggle. Detentions, bannings and house arrest restricted all communication, employment and movement. They had a leading role in the Congress of the People in 1955. RustyÕs words became the CharterÕs rallying call Ò South Africa belongs to all who live in it, Black and WhiteÓ